Blog post 22: Evaluation for Remake

Evaluating our Practical

For our practical task, we were asked to recreate the opening title sequence for a specific film. Our group chose to recreate this for The Breakfast Club since we realised that it is set inside a school and would be convenient to film inside our college. This made it fairly easy to capture the shots we needed as we tried our hardest to recreate the shots as close to the original as possible. 

Personally, I think we did a good job at remaking the shots considering the amount of time we had and minor complications. Most shots were very similar to the original title sequence and the props we used helped to replicate the original images. We tried our best to make sure that each shot was in focus and we used a tripod to ensure the shots weren't wobbly and stayed on one level. 

Original shot 

Shot from our remake

Original shot 

Shot from remake

Although we had the equipment to remake the shots, some of the locations or props from the original shots were not available to us so we had to improvise. We also had to overcome challenges such as the main object in the shot not being in focus but rather the background, and also the fact that the college was busy and people would often walk in front of our shots. We filmed inside the college in locations such as the staircase, the classroom, the corridor and the canteen, as well as outside the college in front of the main gate. 

Our group used props to recreate the shots as accurately as possible by using things like plastic trophies and piece of rubbish to throw all over the staircase. We tried to make our shots look as professional as possible by considering things like lighting, mise-en-scene and how steady the shots were. 

We used a wide range of shot types such as close ups, wide shots, long shots and a panning shots when filming the writing on the locker to ensure the shots were as similar as possible. 

When editing, we tried to make sure that the shots were on screen for the same amount of time as the ones in the original while considering the voiceover. This is because we knew that the shots would have to line up with what the voiceover is saying in order for the overall sequence to make sense. However, when we sat down to edit we realised that we didn't have all the shots that we needed so the voice-over didn't quite go in time with the footage. In addition, because we were rushing towards the end of our session we didn;t have enough time to add credits which meant that the opening sequence was not as identical as we would have liked it to be. 

Here is a link for our remake

Evaluation on our remake (22)

Evaluation of remake

Our group decided to create a remake of 'The Breakfast Club' title sequence.
The setting we used for this remake was our college as the original sequence is also based in various parts of a high school. The sequence included shots of the canteen, changing room, lockers, corridors, etc. Unfortunately, we couldn't access all these places ( for example the changing rooms) so our group decided to improvise with these shots which compromised the overall identical appearance of the remake.

our shot

We used various of props such as bags and clothes, trophies and prop lockers to create realistic shots. This helped us with the mis-en-scene of the title sequence.

original shot

Our group filmed a range of different shots such as close up, long shots, medium shots and a pan shot of locker writing, which helped greatly with the success of our remake. We also managed to film a wide shot of the college for the first shot of the sequence which helped establish the setting. The angles of our shots where also quite significant so we were careful with this when filming. Certain shots had tilts, which if not filmed correctly would have ruined the whole shot. This made us pay careful attention while analysing the original title sequence and creating the storyboard and therefore helped with the quality of the remake.

Some difficulties came up during out shooting because of the lighting and certain settings. The group did have to re-shoot certain scenes because the lighting was too dark and even then the lighting did not manage to stay consistent throughout the whole shoot of the sequence as we were using natural lighting which  there was not enough of in certain settings.

Despite everything, I believe our remake of the title sequence was quite successful as we managed to get the shots we needed and edit them to our liking. Our shots which were not clear were re-filmed and therefore the final product is clear and consistent in terms of quality.

Blog Task 22: Evaluation of Remake

Evaluation of Remake

For this task we had to remake our version of a chosen title sequence/opening sequence of a movie.
We all decided as a group to do a remake of the Breakfast Club. This was because its opening sequence appealed to us the most and seemed like the most fun to do out of the sequences.
In addition the title sequence was set in school, so just like the title sequence we decided to record our remade shots in our college.

However throughout the evaluation you will see my personal pro's and cons of our remake coherently. The evaluation will be balanced out in terms of what we managed to keep relatively similar and successful throughout the remake such as similar set locations, and what went wrong when recording such as lighting issues, focusing the lens and people walking in front of our recording set.

Remaking the shots:
Remaking the shots was the main task throughout the entire title sequence. We had to ensure that the shots that we recorded or took photos of were similar to those seen in the original title sequence. This is because, us doing so would make it really successful and more appealing to both the editors and the viewers.
Remaking the shots were very difficult though. This is because, although we had most of the shots needed in order to make sure that the remake was similar. Some of the props or locations necessary were not available.
We overcame most of these challenges by simply using similar props.
An example would be the trophy case, we could not find a trophy case available in our college so we instead decided to get trophies of our own and place them near a window.


The whole remake was generally successful. This was because we managed to cover almost all of the shots seen in the remake that we set out to record(This being the first part of the remake, not the second including the in-car shots).
Our shots were generally very focused and looked similar to what was seen in the original Breakfest Club opening.

We tried to be as confident with our recording as possible, ensuring that scenes would look very professional and not armature- this worked well with the tripod we used to ensure the camera was steady.

Camera Shots:
As seen in the original version of the Breakfast Club opening sequence, they used a variety of different shot types in order to create what they wanted. Due to us wanting to keep the same gist of the opening sequence we used the same variety of shot types.
Just like in the opening sequence, we too used wide shots to introduce the location;being the college. This worked well for our remake just as it did in the original.
We used panning shots in order to ensure that the scene where the locker has graffiti on it and is panning down in the original was done the same in our remake.
Most of the remake shots are long shots of images as seen in the original.This worked well as we decided not to record shots the way we wanted to-this would defy the idea of us creating an accurate remake.
We used zoom shots in our remake as well in order for us to resolve certain issues. An example would be the previously spoken about, trophies. We did not have access to a huge trophy display nor did we have the same size/amount of trophies- the way we resolved this was by zooming in on the trophies to make them appear bigger than they were in order to contrast well with the remake as a whole.

As seen in the image above, Ersila is trying to ensure the remade shot is similar to the original.

Mis-en-Scene:
In terms of Mis en scene for the film we made sure that all of the props seen in the original opening sequence, and were being included in our remake were relatively similar.
An example of props used would be the trophies that we used in our remake.
We also made use of drawing on the lockers with a black board marker pen in order to accurately represent the image seen in the original opening sequence.
The location for mis-en-scene would be us recording in our college using a variety of different areas such as the cafeteria, the main entrance and the class rooms.

Lastly; the props we used for the rubbish on the stairs were very accurate. We decided to get a bunch of wrappers, some dirty papers. We also did a very good job on recreating the theatre shot with the "Senior Spirit Soars" banner. Ersila created it by making it via photoshot on the computer-she did a really good job!


 







The main criticsm i have for our remake is ofcorse not recording all of the shots that were in the original.
And it at times, not matching the music/audio like in the orginial opening sequence.
Thanks for reading my blog evaluating our remake!
Be sure to check out the actual remake here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OakBNEuXFQU

Blog Task 21: Remake Film

THE BREAKFAST CLUB REMAKE

Here is our remake to the opening scene from the Breakfast club



As you can see, the scenes that have been included were all from our post production work- this consisted of planning what scenes would be recorded, the angles and shot types we would include.

You can see that the final product contains some-if not most of the shots that were included in the evidence of our evidence of filming.

Blog Task: 20 Photos evidence of remake

Photographic evidence of the Remake:

As you can see, the pictures above have shown evidence of us recording every shot in our title sequence remake.
It shows the many different ways we positioned the camera as well as the different set locations we chose to film them at.

These images are crucial as it allows the viewer to refer to both our planning in our story boards and why we decided to choose the locations we travelled to, in order to retrieve the correct shots.
It shows evidence of the camera work, and referring to the storyboard as guidance. It also shows evidence of the props we used as well as the members who assisted in the films production.

Blog Task 19: Storyboard for remake of 'The Breakfast Club'

In this blog we have uploaded the story board for our Practical remake activity.
As you can see in the images below, after watching the original version of the Breakfest Club, Diana was instructed to redraw the scenes that we were planning on recording and redoing.

This was extremely important for the post production of our remake as it gave us a valid structure to follow coherently and ensure that the scenes we reproduced were not off point or nowhere near similar.

As known in all film productions, post production is what allows the curators to be able to make a good piece of work.
The storyboard does not only consist of images, the text that is seen in the boxes informs the camera manager of the angles that each shot should be record at. The type of shot it would be i.e; shot types such as zoomed in, pan, close up, extreme close up etc.

In conclusion, you can see that the images that were created on the story board were important and useful for our production of the film.

Evaluation of "The Breakfast Club" remake

Evaluation

In this blog post I will be evaluating my groups remake to our remake of the film sequence to "The Breakfast Club". Firstly i will be evaluating the process of creating the remake. Firstly our group decided to film the remake in the college as the film sequence is set in a school. Some of the shots were more difficult to film than others due to the fact that there were people constantly walking past the camera therefore we had to reshoot numerous of times for example the wide shot of the college. Also there were some shots such as the one that included "Im eating my head" that were harder to recreate as we couldn't scratch the message into a block of wood, instead we decided to be more creative and use the white boards to draw the on the message, we even shades the outer corners to emphasise on the message only. 

REMAKE SHOT

ORIGINAL SHOT

We also came across lighting difficulties, infant one of our shots had to be retaken due to the bad lighting and that the camera was focusing on another object, therefore this took up more time, however this was resolved quickly. 

I believe our remake was fairly successful due to the fact that our shots were clean and crisp due to the fact that we used a tripod to make the camera stable and to create steady shots. We also attempted to get the exact angles as the one in the original title sequence, for example the pictured shots above. We were also able to create as many shots from the original film sequence as possible to create a remake that would be as identical as possible. 

We used a variety of different shot types that were also in the original such as wide shots, long shots, cut ins, and we were even able to use panning shots such as the locker shot. We also used various different props to create the most authentic remake that we could possibly make, such as small plastic trophies, we zoomed in when filming this shot to make the trophies appear larger then they really were. We also had trouble filming this shot due to the fact there was no trophy case that we could find there fore we improvised by using a windowsill, however the camera tended to focus on the leaves from outside rather than the trophies therefore we had to reshoot in another location, instead we decided to shoot this shot beside a shelf, which had a plain background therefore the camera would just focus on the trophy. 

Regarding mis-en-scene, we used a variety of props to create a quality remake, for example one of the locker scenes in the original there was text written on the lockers, we then decided to use a whiteboard pen to write down the same message on lockers (that were prop lockers) to create the same scene.

Choosing a genre for title sequence (18)

In this blog post I will create a shortlist of the film genres and interested in with some examples and then I'll explain why they interest me.

The 3 genres I'm interested in:

1. Thriller
2. Crime
3. Mystery

Some examples of films that I've enjoyed extremely are American psycho, Scarface, Fight Club and The Wolf of Wall Street.

I would like to produce a title sequence generally falling other these genres however, more specifically under the genre of psychological thriller. This is because I believe this genre of film to be incredibly fascinating and I've found the title sequences to be very well produced with the use of editing, sound and camera shots such as extreme close ups. All of this adds up to resemble and somewhat represent the psychotic state of mind of the main character, which is something I would like to do with my title sequence.

With psychological thrillers, the successful title sequences manage to portray the mental state of the character as obsessive, impulsive and no control over themselves by techniques such as a focus on details, which the average person wouldn't necessarily notice or care for, suspenseful music and quick, snappy shots of random details. For example, in the title sequence of Fight Club the audience get a sense of the genre of the film as it starts of in the centre of the brain, where all these electrical impulses are happening, suggesting the theme of psychology. We also get a very powerful extreme close up shot of the main character's face which forced a focus on the small cuts and bruises of the beaten face.
Also, in the title sequence of Se7en, we get various extreme-close ups of random details such as cuttings of papers and dollars, notebook writing and hands working with needles. This, makes the title sequences successful as they make the audience question the motive and mental state of the character, this by itself suggests the tone of the film and intrigues the audience.
For these reasons I would like to create a psychological thriller sequence and explore the ways to create a hectic mind for a character in a clever way, which will allow his/her mental state to shine through, giving an insight of the plot to the audience.

As psychological thrillers are my favourite type of films, I will strive to produce a high quality title sequence using all the techniques mentioned above and the ideas my group and I come up with.

Analysing the layering of sound in a title sequence (17)

The title sequence which I will be analysing the sound of is 'American Psycho' which is a psychological thriller. Because of this i except the title sequence to be mysterious and suspenseful, which the music would also play into.

Blog Task 18: Preferred Genre for Title sequence

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In this blog post, i will be creating a shortlist for the genres that i would prefer to use in a title sequence. This task is important as i will later discuss my preferences in my group once we decide to create our title sequence.

The genres i would like to have in my title sequence would be;
crime, thriller or an action themed sequence. I have seen movies/TV shows such as The Dark Knight (Trilogy), The Flash and Breaking Bad and i have enjoyed them very much.

If i were to create a title sequence, i would of course want to include all of the genres previously stated because it would allow me to share my experiences with these genres to an audience. However, the main focus of my title sequence would be a thriller mixed with action. This is because, this genre has had a massive impact on me and i found them very intriguing. Their title sequences usually draw in the viewer easily and can leave a huge impact on those watching the film. Their title sequences are usually well edited and ensures that anything that does not suit its main focus are not included -at least from the ones i have seen.

An example would be watchmen; in its title sequence it makes use of  giving the viewer a brief explanation of the story and events. It keeps to its setting, showing the codes and conventions of action scenes whilst keeping a compelling story to keep the audience engaged. The Title sequences in action films are usually really effective. They make use of many editing techniques such as Match o action shots. These are great for title sequences as it points out the important things a usual shot would probably miss.


The music that is featured in these genre title sequences are also very effective. They leave an impact on the viewer allowing them to suspend disbelief and draw them into the story. in an action film, the music is essentially upbeat, really engaging and gets the viewer ready for some explosive and fast paced shots. This is great as from the action films i have watched i.e Fast and Furious, the music contrasts really well with the shots used in its title sequence providing the viewer with an effective experience.

Thriller title sequences are very effective.
They usually include fast paced shots that create suspense when they are submerged with a fade and then revealing the films title card.
An example would be Mad Max Fury Road 2015. They made great use of a black fade before revealing the films title card. What a found especially effective about it's reveal was the special effects they used such as the flaming text with clashing with the steel printed text in the background. The foreground text works really well.


In conclusion, i'd love to make a title sequence that would contain the features of the thriller genre. If i am able to, i will put all of my effort in reproducing an effective title sequence that is seen in shows such as Arrow or even Batman V Superman Dawn of Justice and its suspense it creates for the viewer!

Blog Post 16: The Importance of Sound

Why is sound so important?

Diegetic sound - This can be defined as sound that is presented to originate from a source that appears on screen as the same time as the sound. It can be either on screen or off screen depending on whether its source is in or out of the frame. 

Non-diegetic - This is sound that originates outside of the story world. An example of this would be voice-overs since the character doesn't appear on screen and we can't see directly where the sound is coming from. The music soundtrack of a film is also usually non-diegetic. 

In the first clip only diegetic sound is used like the sounds of character's feet hitting the floor, the rain and Darth Vader breathing. The clips seemed dull and didn't really flow as there were a lot of silent pauses in sound. It wasn't interesting to watch and didn't really evoke any emotion from the audience because of its lack of substance.

In the second clip only non-diegetic sound sound is used such as the dramatic background music. I noticed that in this clip, important details of what is happening on screen are easy to miss because they don't produce any sound. It doesn't create a particular atmosphere either as the surroundings don't seem to be alive and are muted.

In the third clip both diegetic and non-diegetic sound are mixed together to tie the whole clip together. The sound effects from the surroundings of the story and the music together create tension and atmosphere for the audience. The story finally makes sense because of how well everything flows and it is easier to understand.

Blog Task 17: The use of sound in a film opening

In the previous blog, I educated you on why film in film is so important. Why they help set the recognisable conventions and why it generally is required.

In this blog, I will analyse the use of sound in my chosen film genre- a bit like i did in the previous blog with the taking of Pelham 123 or the Star wars scene.

The Film: The Dark Knight

Genre(s)
Action, superhero, drama, cop.


Non-Digetic sound devices used:
The non-diegetic sounds in the sequence will be evaluated below. I will explain what works well and how it allows the viewer to suspend disbelief.

Score:
The score used, has a balanced tempo at the start when the opening scene begins.
The scene starts with a clown mask being held by someone. As the camera in more and more, the pitch starts to increase giving the audience an insight that this 'clown' will play a bigger role in the story.(0:10)

It then starts to build up its dynamic with the use of dramatic bass drums and a faster pace, this happens at two main moments.
At the start when the clown men(these being the bad guys-conducting a heist) decide to grapple hook themselves on top of the bank building.(0:25)
This contrasts well with the visual image being shown of them in the middle of two 4 stories buildings.(0:27)
Secondly when they are all discussing the heist leader being the joker- when one is cutting the main power supply for the alarm.

When they enter the bank's main doors the score becomes quieter and uses higher pitches when people are either being killed or aimed upon. This creates a dynamic with the viewer and allows them to become drawn within the scene.

They make use of the Bass drum once more when the clowns are running down towards the bottom floor of the bank.(1:38)

They continue this theme of rising and lowering tempos/pitches, the use of a bass drum however, when the joker is finally revealed after placing a grenade in the bank managers mouth, the music comes to a sudden stop and a the sound of a reveal is used.(4:40) The sound removes all kinds of pitches, and is a faded in bass sound. This works really well for the reveal of a villain.
Lastly, i'd like to add that they make use of a crescendo throughout the entire sequence, this is the build op of volume. They do this at numerous points as stated above, only to have it either climax(such as when the Joker is revealed at [4:40]) or when an event is about to take place.
This works really well throughout the sequence as the repetitive use of the crescendo and bass drops creates tension between the audience and the bad guys, making it easier to get an idea of the setting.

Dubbing or sound effects:
The sound effects used work really well with the entire scene to make it seem realistic.
At the start:
They make use of walking sound effects which is obvious for walking.
They use the appropriate gun sound effects when a gun is being fired, an example would be when they enter the bank and fire their guns in the air. It sounds extremely realistic, and not overly done.
They make use of a muffle on the characters whenever they are speaking, this is because they are wearing masks. (0:43)

Song: 
There is no song used in this scene at all, i believe that this is a good thing as if there had been, it would lose the sense of being an action scene. It would lack the conventions being created by the music and its dynamic in general.

Voice over:
The voices we hear from the men in the clown masks work really well. You can hear that it is muffled which is realistic as if they are wearing clown masks or any kind of masks, the voice would obviously be muffled .(0:32) - The rest of the opening.
The voices of the audience or people who are in trouble work really well with the whole dynamic of the scene.
The voice of the bank manager is very loud, booming and deep.(2:10)
It creates the sense of him being in power, and having full control of the situation. This works really well as when he is yelling at the clown Heists, we get the impression that he is strong and has control of the entire situation.
-He even makes grunting noises to show he is angry.
However, when he is then shot and is wounded on the floor he makes the noises of those of the wounded.(4:19)
-Grunting(in pain), coughing, and yelling out words to the Joker.

The Joker Heist men all have something in common.
They have grungy and croaky voices to show that they are the bad guys.(0:20) - Rest of the scene.
-When they are shot they also make grunting noises, different but it works well.

In conclusion, the voice over works really well with the entire scene as it allows the viewer to really be engaged and suspend disbelief- as if they were really well.
Especially the use of realistic sounds from the characters i.e(again) the talking inn the masks and the echo in the hall.

Diegetic Sound devices:

Other questions to do with the analysis:

Importance of Sound (16)

Some important key definitions:

• Sound is defined as a vibration which travels through a medium and can be heard.
• Soundscape is defined as a piece of music which is considered in  terms of it's component sound.
• Sound design is a process if specifying, manipulating or generating audio elements.

The importance of sound in film

An obvious reason for why sound is essential in a film is for understanding of context. A film without dialogues and sound effects essentially becomes just moving images. Sound helps establish the relationship between characters through dialogue, or tell apart protagonists and antagonists with sound effects- for example, in the title sequence 'Taking of Pelham 123'' the music was aggressive while the camera was on the antagonists which, hints towards their role as the 'bad guys' in the film.

Another reason why sound is of great importance in the film is for setting the atmosphere and tone of scenes. It is usually the sound effects and background music which play a big part in this. For example, playing soft piano or violin as background music to a scene can make the audience feel sadness or sympathy towards a character or situation. It can hint towards a tragic event and how characters are feeling in that particular scene.

A third reason for the significance of sound in films is to suspend disbelief. This means that the sound helps take the audience out of the ordinary world and into the world of the film. This is significant because escapism is theoretically one of the primary reasons for the consumption of media according to Blumler and Katz's theory of 'Uses and Gratifications'.

Importance of diegetic and non-diegetic sounds

We watched a clip, once with diegetic sounds only and once with non- diegetic sounds only (lastly, with both) so we could understand the importance of each type of sounds and them combined together.

1. Only diegetic sounds
 When the clip was watched with only diegetic sounds it seemed like the sound effects were over played to create a sense of realism, which consequentially loses it's realism. It was also very hard to identify the genre of the film as the background sounds, which are usually non-diegetic, are often used to create the tone of the film or scene. This, therefore, meant that there was little information that the audience could gather about the film from that clip compared to what we could have known with the presence of non-diegetic sounds.

2. Only non-Diegetic sounds
Playing the clip with only non-diegetic sounds seemed to be more useful than when it was played with only diegetic sounds. This is because this time the tone and atmosphere of the tone was successfully established. There was a clear sense of tension built with the use of music and incidental sound. This also helped foreshadow further events and meetings between characters. However, because of the lack of diegetic sounds the scenes seemed unrealistic especially during moments of dialogue and it was limiting with establishing relationships between characters.

3. Both diegetic and non-diegetic sounds
When both types of sounds were present, the clip was the most engaging and entertaining. The sounds successfully increased tension while also helping create a sense of realism. Also, suspending disbelief was the most successful with both sounds involved as they managed to create a solid and realistic world within the film. Furthermore, the tone and genre were easily recognisable and tone effectively established. Lastly, the layering of both diegetic and non-diegetic sounds helped with the impact made to the audience when synchronised with the moving images.

The Importance of Sound

Diegetic and Non-diegetic sounds

The video above is a perfect representation of the importance to sound regarding context in the film. The vide consists of three of the same clips, however the sound in each clip is different, by this i mean that the first clip shows only includes diegetic sound, whilst the second includes non-diegetic sounds and lastly the third video has both diegetic and non diegetic sound, the last clip is effective as showing the importance of sound as it shows the effect of layering sounds.

First clip (diegetic):

Diegetic sound is the sound that has a visible source on the screen such as the action of clapping would emit a sound, this is a diegetic sound as the source of the sound is visible, another example is the voices of the characters. I notices that there is a lot of pauses during the first clip due to the fact there is no background music to tie the whole clip together, also the clip didn't seem very interesting due to the lack of music to make the clip seem as dramatic or exciting as it should of been, however the diegetic sound did make the clip easy to understand and there was no misunderstanding or misinterpretation.

Second clip (non-diegetic):

Non-diegetic sound is the sound that has no visible source on the screen, this includes the sound that has been implied to present the action. This can also include the narrators commentary, mood music and sound effects that are added to create a dramatic effect. The non-diegetic sound only contributes to the atmosphere and tone of the clip rather than the context. The non diegetic sound creates a dramatic effect due to the use of added sound effects to emphasise the actions of the characters, however due to the lack of dialogue there is no context to assume what is happening during the clip, therefore although he clip overall is dramatic and climactic, it is also difficult to follow along with the plot.

Third clip (diegetic and non-diegetic):

The use of both diegetic and non-diegetic sound creates a clip that is seamless, easy to follow and climactic, therefore out of all the clips this is the most effective and it truly shows the importance of sound especially the layering of sounds. Therefore this clip is the most enjoyable due to fact there is context as well as sound effects to make the tone of the clip more dramatic.

Macro Analysis

Macro Analysis 

I will be analysing the same title sequences as my previous blog post 

Title sequence 1: The Taking of Pelham 

What is the key plot idea introduced in the title sequence?
- By watching and analysing the title sequence I am able to learn that the plot will include 3 disguised guys who may possibly be the antagonists in the plot due to the fact that they want to be unidentified, I understood this because i noticed that one of the men were wearing sunglasses though there was no exposure to the sun from where he was. Also I figured the train may have something to do with the plot due to the fact that the antagonists and protagonists both had trains in common, for example Denzel Washington is managing the control rooms for the railway whilst the protagonists are entering the train.

In what order is the story line introduced?
- The first scenes included a view of the city, afterwards the dramatic music begins and it cuts to a shot of a man walking past in a beanie and sunglasses which I can assume is the antagonist in the movie, we are then able to see the control room for the first time and then from there it cuts back and forth from the control room to the antagonists.

What characters are introduced, when are they introduced and how?
We are introduced to the first character when we walks past the camera wearing a beanie and sunglasses as if he is in disguise, the other antagonists are then introduced as they are waiting or entering the train, with the use of props it is obvious to see that these characters are the 'bad guys' due to the fact they are either trying to hide their identity or the fact that as they are on the screen there is aggressive music playing in the background, in this case 99 problems by Jay Z. The protagonist however is introduced when we see Denzel Washington in the control room, the audience will recognise the fact that he is the protagonist in the plot due to his dull outfit and no aggressive music in the background, in fact the music is the usual sound you hear in a office which includes tapping of the keyboards.


What social groups are represented? How are they represented?
The antagonists are dressed in normal 'bad guy' attire that you would typically see in a movie, they are wearing dark clothing, leather gloves, beanies, sunglasses and they are carrying duffel bags so it is obvious to the viewer what their role is. The protagonists are also stereotypically dressed in a attire that would would associate someone who works in a office, this includes brown, beige clothing which is would represent how normal they are.

Title Conventions Sequence 1:
1)Colombia
2)Colombia Pictures and metro goldwyn-Mayor pictures -
3)Relatively Media -
4)Scott Free/Escape Arts - Production
5)Tony Scott - Film
6)Denzel Washington - Main actor
7)John Travolta - Main actor
8)FILM TITLE CARD (The Taking of Pelham 1,2,3)

Blog post 14: Micro and Macro Analysis

In this blog post I will be analysing three title sequences, looking at the micro and macro elements in each one. The three films I have chosen to do are: 

• The taking of Pelham 1,2,3 
• The Dark Knight Rises 
• Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind

The taking of Pelham 1,2,3 

Micro analysis: 

• Camera - The title sequence opens with the camera panning across the city with the tops of buildings visible. This establishes the setting of the film almost instantly since we can recognise some of the iconic buildings. The camera starts to change every few seconds with close ups on faces, overhead shots of pedestrians and wide shots of locations. There are multiple cut ins to buses and other objects in the city, such as trains and lamps. A two shot is used to establish a relationship between two characters and an over the shoulder shot to place us on the shoulders of the actors. 

• Sound - Several non-diegetic background sounds such as the screeching of tires, train and car engines are used. The typical busy city-life sound effects can be heard throughout and the song playing in the background helps to establish whether or not the character being portrayed on screen is an antagonist. The music playing is fast paced and connotes danger. When the protagonist is shown on screen, the music is tense but quiet and more dialogue and dietetic sound can be heard 

• Mise-en-scene - The tops of sky scrapers can be seen on screen as well as a sun setting across the city. Different locations and colourful clothing from pedestrians as well as lots of yellow taxis help to place us in a very clear and recognisable location as well as set a busy atmosphere. The antagonist portrayed towards the start is wearing dark clothing, has shades and dark facial hair which make him look dangerous, mysterious and under the impression that he is under cover and is on the run from someone.  

• Editing - As the credits appear on screen, they align with the things in the background, making them look coordinated and part of the city. When the taking finally appears on screen, it  moves in the nature of a train and helps to establish the overall theme of the film. The moving images are edited with different filters to make the colours on certain objects duller than others in order to make other things stand out. Slow motion and fast motion is used on several different shots and some look blurry to create the effect that everything is constantly in motion. 

Macro analysis:

• The title sequence introduces the location being the city, the antagonists and then the protagonists 
• The main characters are introduced in the city and the underground, as well as in the office along side atmospheric music for both groups.  
• Pedestrians are introduced wearing casual clothing, making them look ordinary as well as office social group with everyone wearing smart casual clothing 

Credits: 

1) Colombia- production company
2) Colombia Pictures and Metro Goldwyn-Mayor pictures - distribution companies
3) Relatively Media
4) Scott Free/Escape Arts - Production
5) Tony Scott - Director
6) Denzel Washington - Starring actor
7) John Travolta - Starring actor
8) Film title- The Taking of Pelham 1,2,3
9) John Turturro - Actor            
10) Luis Guzman - Actor          
11) Michael Rispoli - Actor      
12) James Gendolfini - Actor
13) Frank Wood, John Bejamin Hickey, Gary Basaraba, Ramen Rodriguez - Actors
14) Ghena Akinnagbe, Kathenre Sigismud and Jake Sicillano - Actors/Actress
15) Alex Aluzhsky, Aunjanue Ellis, Tonye Patano, Jason Butler Harner - Actors
16)  Denise Chamlon,CSA - Casting
17) Renee Ehriich  Klafus - Costume Designer
18) Harry Gregson-Williams - Music
19) Linda Farica, Anson Downes - Co-executive producers
20) Chris Lebzon - Editor.
21) Chris Seagers - Production Designer
22) Tobius Schllesser,Asc- Director of Photography.
23) Barry Waldman, Michael Costigan, Frank Kavanaigh - Executive Producers
24) Todd Black, Tony Scott - Producers.

The Dark Knight Rises

Micro analysis:

• Camera - The camera moves very quickly between shots as it moves into close ups of a pavement and newspapers as well as close ups of pictures being burnt and cut up. Almost the entirety of the title sequence are close up shots of objects relevant to a plot in the story line. The camera editing is very fast paced. 

• Sound - The only sound heard throughout the whole sequence is very dramatic music with a hard beat. This sets an expectation for the audience as it is tense and suggests the film itself with also be like this. 

• Mise-en-scene - Logos of all the production companies are the first thing that appears on screen however they are al in black and white to give it a mysterious and cool look because of the nature of the film. Only cool colours like blue, grey and white are used throughout with the red of the flame being an exception. Multiple images of cut up newspapers and cut up pictures suggest a loss of identity and a close up of Christian Bale's face introduce a familiar face. The dark knight logo appears on the pavement and familiarises us once again as it is an iconic logo. A pair of black gloves poses questions to the audience. 

• Editing - The typography used in the title sequence is integrated into the objects, making them look like a part of the background and making them look seamless. There is a negative filter on everything throughout, making the colours look much cooler and making everything look much more dramatic.

Macro analysis:

• No specific characters are introduced, however almost at the very end of the title sequence, a black helmet, who we know is owned by the Dark Knight appears on screen. 
• No specific social groups are represented either, however we do get the sense that there will be some sort of mysterious criminal activity going on a s the photos suggest a stalker. 

Credits: 

1)Warner Bros. Pictures - distribution company 

2)Legendary Pictures - distribution company 

3)DC Comics - production company 

4)Syncopy - production company

5) A film by Christopher Nolan - Director 

6) The Dark Knight rises - Film title 

7) Christian Bale - Main cast

8) Michael Cain- Cast 

9) Gary Olman - Cast

10) Anne Hathaway - Cast

11) Tom Hardy - Cast

12) Joseph Gordon-Levitt - Cast

13) Marion Cotillar- Cast 

14) Morgan Freeman - Cast

15) Based upon Batman characters created by Bob Kane - Creators 

16) Screenplay by Christopher Nolan Jonathon Nolan - Screenplay 

17) Story by Christopher Nolan David S. Goyer  

18) Excecutive Producers

19) Directed by Christopher Nolan - Director 

Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind 

Credits:
1) Focus Features - Production company
2) an Anonymous content production - Production company
3) in association with This is What - Associates
4) Jim Carrey - Main Cast
5) Kate Winslet - Main Cast
6) Kristen Dust - Casy
7) Eternal Sunshine Of the Spotless Mind - Film title
8) Mark Ruffalo - Cast
9) Elijah Wood - Cast
10) Tom Wilkinson - Cast
11) Jane Adams - Cast
12) David Cross - Cast
13) Deidre O'Connell and Debbon Ayer - Cast
14) casting by Jeanne Mccarthy, CSA - Casting director
15) Linda Fields Hill, Michael A. Jackman - Associate producers
16) Melissa Toth - Costume designer
17) Jon Brion - Music
18) Valdis Oskarsdottir - Editor
19) Dan Leigh - Production designer
20) Ellen Kuras, ASC - Director of photography
21) David Bushel, Charlie, Kaufman, Glenn Wiliamson, Georges Bermann - Executive producers
22) Steve Golin and Anthony Bregman - Producers
23) Charlie Kaufman & Michel Gondry &Pierre Bismuth - Creators
24) Charlie Kaufman - Screenplay
25) Michel Gondry - Director

Blog post 12: Genre and Audience Research

Genre 

The three genres that were most successful at the box office were:

• Animation (21.4% of the total box office)
• Action (18.7%)
• Comedy (13.7%)

The three genres that were least successful at the box office were:

• Romance (1.2% of the total box office)
• Documentary (0.9%) 
• War (<0.1%)

The film genre that had the highest number of releases was comedy at 153 releases. Although animation was the most successful genre at the box office, it was the lowest out of the three most successful genres in terms of numbers of releases at 33. 47 actions films were released.

From this information about genre I can tell that the higher the film production, the higher chance there is of a film being successful. Animation films tend to have a very high budget because of the high tech equipment they have to use and so they are more likely to be successful.
I can also tell from this information that the film audiences in that particular year really enjoyed watching animated films as well as action and comedy. This information also tells me that film audiences might not necessarily go see a specific genre because of the amount of films that have been released, but there may be other factors that go into it such as marketing and advertisement.

Audiences 

• The age group that made up the largest proportion of cinema admissions in the UK was 15-24 
• The comedy film which was most successful with this age group was The Hangover Part 2 at and made up 60% of the film's total audience 

The film that was most popular with the over 50s was Sunshine on Leith and it is a drama/comedy musical. The genre that was most popular with men was thriller, action and comedy whereas with women it was romantic comedies, animated films or documentaries. UK films appealed most to female audiences.
The three films that were most popular with the 7-14 age group were One Direction: This is UK, Wreck-It Ralph and Despicable Me 2. This tells us that their preferred genre is usually animated films or lighthearted, celebrity documentaries that are targeted at younger audiences.

The three most popular films with the 35-44 age group were Frozen, The Croods and Jack and the Giant Slayer. From this information, I can understand more clearly why animation might be the most successful genre at the box office, since both younger and older audiences make up a high percentage of the audiences for that genre. This could be because animated films are targeted at families with young kids as well as the parents who are taking their children to see certain films.

• The 3 films that were most popular with the 25-34 age group were Django Unchained, Fast & Furious 6 and Rush
• The films that were most popular with middle class audiences were Rush and Oz the Great and Powerful 

The film that was most popular amongst people living in London and the home counties was Django Unchained, however in Scotland it was Sunshine on Leith. This tells me that the audiences in Scotland could have more of a certain age group such as over 50+ and so the most popular film there was one that was aimed at an older audience. In London there are most likely more younger adults and so the most popular film was an action film.

The two other things I found interesting:

• Older audiences still preferred animated films, even though they are seen to be targeted at very young audiences 
• Animation was the most successful genre amongst people in 2013-14

Blog Task 15 : Genre Conventions

Genre is extremely important in the film industry as they have conventions which allow the audience to understand what film they are watching. It also allows the producers and ident to do correct advertising for their films.

Micro and Macro analysis (14)

The title sequence being analysed is from the film 'Taking of the Pelham 123'.



Micro Analysis
Camera - first shot is a crane shot which is used as establishing shot allowing the audience to be aware the film is set in a busy city (New York).

There are a series of close up and extreme close up shots of key characters which establish their importance in the film. This allows the audience to be aware that they will be seeing more of these characters.

We also get long shots which allow the audience to see setting and costume of characters, which helps them recognise protagonists and antagonists.

There is a two on two shot which established the relationship between two characters. 

Sound - The background sound begins with train screeching and is non-diegetic. The music used is very effective as it established a clear contrast between the protagonists and antagonists. When the camera is on the antagonists the song being played is aggressive and connotes danger and violence whereas the sounds accompanying the protagonist are calm such as whispered conversations and a telephone ringing in the distance.

Mise-en-scene -  There is a clear contrast between the costumes of the protagonist and antagonist. The antagonists are wearing dark and tough clothes such as leather jackets, dark sunglasses and hats which serve to keep their faces hidden. On the other hand, the antagonists are wearing professional work clothes which look non-threatening. There is a lot of blues which connotes with calmness and trustworthiness.  

We can also see the different settings used. We have the protagonists in a work office with a friendly environment surrounding them and then we have the antagonists on a busy city underground station with people rushing to get in and out of the trains.

Editing - As this title sequence is with moving images and text there is a lot of editing involved. The text appears and leaves with a nature of a train, which ties in with the whole theme of the title sequence and the film itself.

There is also a lot of undercraking and overcracking which helps the audience focus on important shots and helps introduce important characters. The focus can be directed towards small but significant things. For example, in this title sequence, there is an overcracking with a close-up shot of an antagonist which allows the audience to notice the gun tattoo on his neck. 

 Also, the shots are edited to the music so this helps makes the editing look seamless.

Macro analysis

• The key plot idea introduced in the title sequence is the antagonists are about to board a train with an organised plan in mind.
• The order that the title sequence is introduced in is City, Antagonists and then protagonists.
• Antagonists are the first of the characters to be introduced followed by the protagonist. The characters are introduced with a series of close-up shots, which help in recognition.

Order Of Credits:
1) Colombia- production company
2) Columbia Pictures and Metro Goldwyn-Mayor pictures - distribution companies
3) Relatively Media
4) Scott Free/Escape Arts - Production
5) Tony Scott - Director
6) Denzel Washington - Starring actor
7) John Travolta - Starring actor
8) Film title- The Taking of Pelham 1,2,3
9) John Turturro - Actor          
10) Luis Guzman - Actor        
11) Michael Rispoli - Actor    
12) James Gendolfini - Actor
13) Frank Wood, John Bejamin Hickey, Gary Basaraba, Ramen Rodriguez - Actors
14) Ghena Akinnagbe, Kathenre Sigismud and Jake Sicillano - Actors/Actress
15) Alex Aluzhsky, Aunjanue Ellis, Tonye Patano, Jason Butler Harner - Actors
16)  Denise Chamlon,CSA - Casting
17) Renee Ehriich  Klafus - Costume Designer
18) Harry Gregson-Williams - Music
19) Linda Farica, Anson Downes - Co-executive producers
20) Chris Lebzon - Editor.
21) Chris Seagers - Production Designer
22) Tobius Schllesser,Asc- Director of Photography.
23) Barry Waldman, Michael Costigan, Frank Kavanaigh - Executive Producers
24) Todd Black, Tony Scott - Producers.

Fight Club

Donnie Branco

Camera- The title sequence begins with an extreme close-up shot of eyes. This suggests that the character that the eyes belong to is very significant. Furthermore, this allows the audience to see the emotion of the character in his eyes- what I gather is sadness.
We also get a series of close-up shots of a few specific characters suggesting they are the key characters in the film. The close ups are also useful as they will help the audience remember the faces of the characters.
We later get another extreme close up of the same eyes that fades into a close-up and reveals the face of the character which implies that he will be the focus of the film.


Editing- The shots fade into each other which gives the title sequence a soft effect. The shots also speed up along with the music which makes all aspects of the sequence flow together.
The images are in black and white which makes the shot more clear and the titles are in white, which helps them fit in with the images if the sequence.

Sound-  There is violin being played in the background (non-diegetic) which is a very emotional instrument. This, therefore, suggests the film may have an emotional or sad aspect to it.

Mise-en-scene- Many props were used to set the tone of the film. For example guns and cars, which set the expectation of the genre or crime. We also see some characters smoking cigars and wearing fedora hats which gives a clue towards their status in society.

Macro analysis

• There is not a specific key plot that is introduced in the title sequence, however, we can gather a sort of mafia group assembling together.
• First, we are introduced to the main character with an extreme close-up of his eyes and then the second character the audience will be following closely with a series of close-up shots. After this, we are introduced to the rest of the "antagonists" with close-up and medium shot depending on the importance of the character.
• The social group introduced in the title sequence is a group of rich 'criminals'.

Order of credits 

1. Mike Newell- director
2. Al Pacino - starring actor
3. Johnny Depp - starring actor
4. Donnie Brasco - title of film
5. Michael Madser - actor
6. Bruno Kirby - actor
7. James Russo - actor
8. Anne Heche - actress
9. Zeljko Ivanev- actor
10. Gerry Becker- actor
11. Zach Grener, Brian Tarantina- actors
12. Robert Miano- actor
13. Audie Bronson, David Robinson - costume designer 
14. Jon Creegory-editor
15. Donald Graham Burt- production designer 
16. Peter Sova-cinematographer
17. Patrick McCormick, Alan Greenspan- executive producers
18. Joseph D. Pistone, Richard Woodly- authors of book
19. Mark johnson, Barry Levinson - producers
20. Louis Digiamo, Gail Mutrux - producers
21. Paul Attanasio- screenplay
22. Mike Newell- director. 

Blog post 11: Introduction to genre

Researching audience (13)

Audience research

• An audience is a group of people which become consumers or spectators of a specific media or event.
• A target audience can be defined as a specific group which a certain product or media is directed towards.  There are 3 categories that a target audience can be put into:

1. Primary- this is the main audience which the product or media is directed towards.
2. Secondary- This type of audience is not directly targeted by the makers of the product or media but may be exposed to it and not mind watching it because of a relative, friend, etc.
3. Tertiary- this type of audience would have very little interest towards the product or media and would not really consume it often.

• Audience categorizing is needed in order for a company to find the most suitable group for their product or media. This will ensure the highest profit possible as this particular audience would be most interested in consuming it.  The audience are divided by:

1. Age
2. Gender
3. Ethnicity
4. Income rate
5. Interests

• It is useful for a film to have a target audience as it allows the content to be more specific and designed to be favoured by a particular group. Also, appealing to your targeting audience marketing-wise becomes much simpler as you would know what content would attract them. By focusing on a target audience the film makers have a rough idea of they want to publish in order to be a success.

• Which audience do you think different genres appeal to?

1. For Women it seems like the genres of romance and comedy are most popular along with animation.
2. For men the most popular genres are action, thriller and comedy.
3. The genre most appealing to children (aged 7-14) is animation.
4. Young adults (of age group 15-21) find thrillers to be most appealing.
5. The elder audience (of age 50 and above) find the genre of drama to be most appealing.

Micro analysis

In this blog i will be presenting my research on micro analysis. I will be doing this by watching the title sequences of 3 different movies and then analysing each one based upon what we can visually see, what we can learn from it and how titles are presented.

Micro analysis, sequence 1

The first sequence I will be analysing is from the movie, The Taking of Pelham, 1,2,3.

Camera: 

-there was a variety of close up and extreme close up shots of the antagonist, this is effective as we are able to see their facial expressions and get an insight on how they are feeling without the use of dialogue. There is also an extreme wide shot and high shots in the beginning of the sequence to establish the location. The 180 degree rule was also used in the title sequence, this orientates the viewer and creates a more seamless title sequence. I also noticed that there is a 3 shot of the 3 antagonists in the rail way station. The key characters get more attention from the camera by having more close ups of their faces, the framing on props like the duffel bags or trains are significantly slower, this may be so the audience can pick this up to create some sort of context and highlight the importance of these props as they may be included in the plot later on.

Editing:

-  The title sequence slows when you see close up shots of the antagonists, and then speeds up at the next shot, which in this case is wide shots of the city or the rail way stations. The credits are also edited in away that makes it appear integrated with the title sequence, for example the credits appear and disappear as the train travels, therefore it makes everything appear more seamless. The speed of the editing alternates depending on the speed and rhythm of the music. Image enhancement and special effects are shown in the control room. Also bars are used as a metaphor for the trains, as well as there being radial blurs when the main characters were shown.


Mis-en-scene:
- In this title sequence, i noticed that the antagonists were unidentifiable, by this i mean that they were wearing accessories such as beanies, sunglasses and large jackets, as if they were trying to hide their identity. By doing this the viewer will recognise that they are the 'bad guys' in the plot as they are trying to not be identified. Later in the title sequence there is a scene in the control room. The protagonist in the scene is wearing an all beige outfit, this may be to make the character seem like a normal, common person, nothing extraordinary due to his bland outfit. The construction workers are also all wearing the typical uniform seen on construction workers such as a working cap and an illuminated outfit.

Sound:
The music is fairly slow paced in the beginning of the title sequence when showing the location and the antagonists. Afterwards the music intensifies to become more dramatic which creates contrast from the previous eerie music. Diegetic sound- there is audio that comes from the actors when they are seen in the control room. Also, the use of non dietetic sounds are effective when you are introduced to the control room as it allows them to introduce typical office sounds, this makes the scene seem more realistic. When the 'bad guys' are seen, Jay Z's '99 Problems' is playing which is effective as the song is aggressive and fast paced, this makes the audience identify that the guys in the shot are seen as antagonists. However when the 'good guys' are seen, there is a less aggressive background music playing which is fairly calm, you can also hear the sound of the keyboard which is a general and ordinary sound to hear, making the characters seem very ordinary and normal. There are also other sounds that are not as recognisable however they still create an effect in the title sequence, these includes radio beeps and alarms, this contributes to making the scene and the control room appear more realistic. The music is cut in and out to the timing of the editing of shots, this makes the whole title sequence seem in rhythm with the surroundings.

Micro analysis, sequence 2

Micro analysis, sequence 3

For my last micro analysis I will be analysing the title sequence from 'Pain and Gain' which is also my favourite movie.

Camera:
In the title sequence there is a variety of different shots, of of them being an close up of Mark Wahlbergs face, possibly shot using a GoPro, this is effective as we are able to see his facial expression more specifically the face of distress whilst he is exercising. There is also a wide shot of the police cars pulling up which establishes the setting in the movie. As the lead character is running away from the police the camera is hand held therefore making the shot appear shaky which could be interpreted as looking into Mark Wahlberg's view as he runs away. There is also a low angle shot of the lead jumping, which is common in action movies as it shows the lead jumping from building to building in many different angles. There is also a mid shot of Wahlberg as he is running from the police, this is so we as an audience are able to asses his body language as well as being close enough to see his facial expression.

Editing:
In the title sequence the editing is similar to any usual action title sequence, a variety of short shots have been edited together to create a chaotic effect, also a lot of shots have been edited to become a slow motion shot which is then followed by a short shot at a normal pace, this is effective as it creates contrast between the two shots, also the slow motion shot shows men in uniform exiting a van with heavy guns, therefore by having this in slow motion it shows the audience that this is an important factor in the plot of the movie and that it should be noticed. Also I noticed that at 1:26 the shot starts to slow down mid scene, this begins when the turns his face towards the camera and this is effective as we as the audience are able to pay close attention and focus on his facial expressions more than we would of if it was kept at a normal pace.

Mise-en-scene: 
In the beginning of the title sequence you can see Mark Wahlberg working out before he realises he is being chased, this is effective as it gives the audience context as many people like to exercise when they are stressed out therefore this can raise questions to do with whether or not Mark Wahlberg is worried about anything going on in his life. Also the way the lead is dressed makes the audience assume that he is either someone who may have no job or he may be in a job that includes him being extremely fit for example a body builder therefore he would be working out whenever he could. Also the men in uniform that leaped out of the van are holding guns which suggest that the lead is in legal trouble therefore with the use of props it gives the audience context.

Sound:
Through out the title sequence there is the same background music which consists of guitar chords however the music is not faced paced which makes the audience feel tense due to the build up. However when the title shows up on the screen the back round music cuts of to the sounds of weights hitting the floor, which later on links with the plot as the main characters are all body builders.

Audience research

For this blog post i will further my research on audiences in the film industry by answering the following questions

What is an audience?
- An audience is a necessary component for the film industry to make money as this audience will be consuming the media and forming their own opinions on it. In all media texts, they are made with an audience in mind. Usually the media will be making money from the audience paying to see the film, however occasionally some media texts are free.

How do we define a target audience?
- A target audience is the smaller group of people from the population that the film or media texts is aimed towards therefore when marketing the film/media form it will be made to look more appealing to that specific target audience. This is usually split into the following 3 categories:

Primary
- This is the main audience. This is the group of people that producers are attempting to aim their product at. For example an animation movie may have a target audience of 7-14 year olds.

Secondary
- The producers have not specifically targeted their product towards this audience however these are the people that may accompany their friends that may be apart of the target audience.

Tertiary-
- This audience wouldn't necessarily be interested in the content being offered, however there may be a small reason to why they may pay to see this movie, a reason could be that they are a fan of the main actor however the movie he is in may not be their preferred genre.

Genres such as animated or adventure would appeal most towards 7-14 year olds such as films like Home, Minions and Big Home 6. Films such as Pitch Perfect 2 and Fast and Furious 7 as well as The Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 2 are most popular with 15-24 year olds. Action, thriller and comedy seems to be the most popular genres with males whilst romantic comedy and animation is more popular with females

Genre and Audience

Genre and audience research

I will be reading chapters 4 and 15 in this year's BFI Statistical Yearbook to answer various questions on genre and audience

GENRE

1) Which 3 genres were most successful at UK box office?

- Action was the most popular genre at the UK box office holding 30.3% of the box office and earning £393.9 million due to the top performing title SPECTRE, followed by the animation genre holding 16.2% of the total box office and earning £210 million due to the top performing title Minions. Lastly the sci-fi genre holding 10.9% of the box office and earning £141 million due to the top performing title Star Wars: The Force Awakens.

2) Which 3 genres were least popular or successful at the UK box office?

- Family was the least popular genre at the UK box office holding a mere <0.1% of the UK box office and only earning £0.2 million. The western genre was the second least popular genre in the UK holding <0.1% of the UK box office and earning £0.6 million. The third least popular genre is crime holding 0.1% of the UK box office and earning £1.4 million.

3) Which film genre had the most films released in 2015 (not the most successful but the biggest number of films made)?

- Drama had the most films released in 2015.

4) How many films in this genre were made in 2015?

- 201 releases.

5) How many animated films were made?

- 29

6) How many action films were made?

-72

7) What does this information about genre tell you about:

• Film production

          -  By looking at the information I can determine that amount of money used to produce a film will affect the popularity also. This is because if a film was fairly low budget that would mean that the production didn't have the materials to ensure that the film was well edited and filmed and also well marketed, however films that have a high budget such as SPECTRE was received well due to the fact there was well paid individuals to ensure that the movie will be successful.

• Film audiences 

- We are able to see how the audience reacted to the movie from the gross box office, therefore if the movie has received a high box office it has been received well from the public, if the gross box office is low then we can determine that it hasn't been popular or taken well with the audience.

AUDIENCES

1) Which age group made up the largest proportion of cinema admissions in the UK?

-In 2015, 15-24 year olds made up the largest proportion of the UK cinema audience, at 29%

2) Which comedy film was the most successful with this age group?

- Pitch Perfect 2, at 46%

3) Which film was most popular with the 55+? Which genre is the film?

- The lady in the van, at 74%, the genre if this film is drama

4)Which genres were most popular with men?

- Terminator Genisys, at 73% of audience male

5) Which genre were most popular with women?

- Cinderella, at 79% of audience female

6) UK films appealed most to what audience type?

- The AB social group

7) Which 3 films were most popular with the 7-14 age group? What does this tell us about their preferred genre?

- Home, at 42% of audience falling in the 7-14 age group. Secondly, Big Hero 6, at 38% of audience being 7-14. Thirdly, Minions was the third most popular film with the 7-14 age group, at 37%. This tells us that the preferred genre of this age group is animated as the top 3 most popular films were all animation.

8) The 3 films were most popular with the 35-44 were Home, Hotel Transylvania 2 and Cinderella. Why might this be and how does this contribute to animation being the most successful genre at the box office?

- This may be that this age group will be bringing in they children and that the age group may not choose to watch this personally but their children would. Also as the top 2 are animation it shows that this genre is watched by a variety of age groups, not just children but adults that want to take their children too, therefore this genre will have a very high gross box office.

9) Which 3 films were the most popular with the 25-34 age group?

- Mad Max: Fury Road at 27% of the audience being 25-34. Secondly Fifty Shades of Grey at 26% of the audience being 25-34. Thirdly, Terminator Genisys was the third most watched film by 24-35 year olds at 25%.

10) Which films were most popular with the middle class audiences (C1 and C2)?

- The Hunger Games: Mockingly - Part 2 was the most popular with the C1 social group at 41% of the audience being apart of the C1 group. Hotel Transylvania 2 was the most popular with the C2 social group with 24% of total audience being apart of the C2 social group.

11) Look at the tables for popular films in London and Scotland. What differences are there and what conclusions can you make about the types of films they appear to prefer?In London, the more popular genres tends to be either action or animation, however in Scotland, the more popular films tends to be UK films swell as them being apart of the drama genre.

12) *Extension* Add two more things that you find interesting about either Genre or Audience tastes/prefrences that you haven't already been asked. 

- The ethnicity of audiences aged 13+, buyers of cinema, retail, rental and digital film, cinema-goers, video buyers, video renters and digital buyers and renters is more than 90% white for all categories which i find interesting and also, the audiences are more than 75% not disabled.